NJSBA Family Law Section

 View Only

Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

  • 1.  Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 06:26 AM
    Dear Listmates:

    I have a case where child graduated college in May, there is a younger child. There are no arrears on the account, the funds are garnished and he is up to date.

     Father brought motion to emancipate in Sept. (tried to work out with mother out of court first). Judge ruled that child is emancipated but retro only to the date of the Order of emancipation.  So could have been date of filing of motion but I argued date of emancipation does anyone have recent unpublished decision that had retro to date of emancipation?  Mother did not appear or oppose motion so no equitable argument on the other side.

    Thank you,
    Gerri Duswalt

    GERALDENE SHERR DUSWALT, ESQ.
    ATTORNEY AT LAW
    Admitted in New York and New Jersey

    1812 Front Street
    Scotch Plains, N.J. 07076

    576 Fifth Avenue, Suite 903
    New York, N.Y. 10036

    Telephone:    (908) 322-5160
    Fax:              (908) 654-3970
    E-mail:          [email protected]
                        [email protected]
    Web Site:      www.duswaltlawfirm.com

    General practice of law serving the legal needs of the community, family and matrimonial law, bankruptcy, real estate, wills and general litigation.

    This e-mail and any documents accompanying this e-mail may contain information from the law office of Geraldene Sherr Duswalt, Esq. that is intended to be for the use of the individual or entity named in this e-mail transaction and which may be confidential, privileged or attorney work product. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution, or use of the contents of this e-mail is strictly prohibited. If you receive this e-mail in error, please notify the sender at once.



  • 2.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 06:34 AM
    Why do you need an unpublished decision?  See Mahoney v. Pennell which is a published Appellate Division decision from the mid-90s holding it should be retroactive to date of actual emancipation (which is normally earlier than date Motion was filed). 

    Brian G. Paul, Esq.
    Certified Matrimonial Attorney
    Sent from my Samsung Galaxy S7 smartphone





  • 3.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 08:21 AM
    I agree, but I just got a decision on a motion that says no retroactive except for arrears and held that the child support modification only retro to the date of the Order (not even the date of the motion). There is no adversary the other side did not appear or oppose the motion.

    Gerri Duswalt

    GERALDENE SHERR DUSWALT, ESQ.
    ATTORNEY AT LAW
    Admitted in New York and New Jersey

    1812 Front Street
    Scotch Plains, N.J. 07076

    576 Fifth Avenue, Suite 903
    New York, N.Y. 10036

    Telephone:    (908) 322-5160
    Fax:              (908) 654-3970
    E-mail:          [email protected]
                        [email protected]
    Web Site:      www.duswaltlawfirm.com

    General practice of law serving the legal needs of the community, family and matrimonial law, bankruptcy, real estate, wills and general litigation.

    This e-mail and any documents accompanying this e-mail may contain information from the law office of Geraldene Sherr Duswalt, Esq. that is intended to be for the use of the individual or entity named in this e-mail transaction and which may be confidential, privileged or attorney work product. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution, or use of the contents of this e-mail is strictly prohibited. If you receive this e-mail in error, please notify the sender at once.






  • 4.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 08:54 AM

    It is my experience that Mahoney v. Pennell is optional.  If there are arrears judges will emancipate back to the date of emancipation.  However, if there are no arrears, courts are not going to make obligee pay back money received when obligor waited to file a motion.  It is a court of equity.

     

    Mike Rothmel






  • 5.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 08:59 AM
    But in my case, there is something of bad faith, the payee knew child was emancipated, she refused to engage and she did not appear (she had attorney write a letter that he was going to represent her and asked for an adjournment and then never appeared.  Also, it was unallocated there is a younger child so I am arguing Harrington v. Harrington recent Judge Jones case.  I think equities in payor's favor, child emancipated in May, he tried to do pr se over the summer, but he didn't serve property so came to me.  Just saying, equities favor him.

    Gerri Duswalt


    GERALDENE SHERR DUSWALT, ESQ.
    ATTORNEY AT LAW
    Admitted in New York and New Jersey

    1812 Front Street
    Scotch Plains, N.J. 07076

    576 Fifth Avenue, Suite 903
    New York, N.Y. 10036

    Telephone:    (908) 322-5160
    Fax:              (908) 654-3970
    E-mail:          [email protected]
                        [email protected]
    Web Site:      www.duswaltlawfirm.com

    General practice of law serving the legal needs of the community, family and matrimonial law, bankruptcy, real estate, wills and general litigation.

    This e-mail and any documents accompanying this e-mail may contain information from the law office of Geraldene Sherr Duswalt, Esq. that is intended to be for the use of the individual or entity named in this e-mail transaction and which may be confidential, privileged or attorney work product. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution, or use of the contents of this e-mail is strictly prohibited. If you receive this e-mail in error, please notify the sender at once.






  • 6.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-13-2017 10:01 AM
      |   view attached

    Hi Geraldine – Just catching up now – I advised this pro se litigant in briefing this issue in the AD and he won, relying on Mahoney v. Pennell. November 2015 unpublished decision held it was error for the judge not to have calculated the actual date of emancipation and remanded. Hope this helps.

    • Megan

     

    C. Megan Oltman

    Oltman Law & Mediation

    475 Wall St

    Princeton, NJ 08540

    http://moltmanlaw.com

    (609) 924-2044

     




    Attachment(s)



  • 7.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-13-2017 10:15 AM


    That may be this lengthy and exhaustive appellate decision (this is it in its entirety):



    SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
    APPELLATE DIVISION
    DOCKET NO. A-1037-15T3

    DANE DOYLE,
    <x-tab>        </x-tab>Plaintiff-Appellant,
    v.
    CYNTHIA DOYLE,
    <x-tab>        </x-tab>Defendant-Respondent.
    ______________________________________________________
    Submitted December 13, 2016 – Decided December 29, 2016
    Before Judges Fisher and Leone.
    On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Chancery Division, Family Part, Union County, Docket No. FM-20-139-00.
    Michael B. Blacker, attorney for appellant.
    Respondent has not filed a brief.
    PER CURIAM

    Plaintiff moved, on August 14, 2015, for an order both declaring the parties' twenty-two-year-old son emancipated and terminating plaintiff's child support obligation as of the son's graduation from college on April 24, 2015. In response to the motion, defendant agreed emancipation was appropriate but argued plaintiff was not entitled to retroactive relief. The judge held that retroactive modifications or terminations of child support obligations are not favored -- implicitly relying on N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a -- and entered an order that terminated the child support obligation only as of the date the motion was filed. Plaintiff appeals solely on the question of whether the judge erred in refusing to terminate the support obligation as of the emancipation date.

    We reverse. N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a prohibits retroactive modification of child support orders to a date earlier than the filing of the motion. But, as we held more than twenty years ago, the statute does not embody or effectuate a legislative intent to bar termination of child support retroactively to the time a child became emancipated. Mahoney v. Pennell, 285 N.J. Super. 636, 643 (App. Div. 1995).

    There being no dispute that the parties' son became emancipated upon his college graduation, we reverse and remand for entry of an order terminating child support as of April 24, 2015. We do not retain jurisdiction.

    www.dpdlaw.com/Doyle_RetroCS.pdf 



    <x-sigsep></x-sigsep>

    David Perry Davis, Esq.
    ----------------------------------------------------
    www.FamilyLawNJ.pro
    ----------------------------------------------------
    * * Please note our new address * *
    57 Hamilton Avenue -- Suite 301
    Hopewell, NJ 08525
    Voice: 609-466-1222
    Fax: 609-466-1223






  • 8.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-13-2017 10:18 AM
      |   view attached

    I did attach it – Smudin v. Smudin – trying again.

     

    C. Megan Oltman

    Oltman Law & Mediation

    475 Wall St

    Princeton, NJ 08540

    http://moltmanlaw.com

    (609) 924-2044

     

    This communication is privileged and confidential. If you are not the intended recipient please delete the email.

    A telephone or in person consultation does not mean I am retained as your attorney. I am only retained if we have both signed a retainer agreement, and I have received the agreed upon retainer deposit from you. Consultation sessions are payable at the time services are rendered.
     
    FEDERAL TAX NOTICE - IRS rules restrict tax advice by attorneys. I am not an accountant. No advice in this correspondence is intended to be used by any taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed on the taxpayer under federal tax laws. Please consult with an accountant for tax advice.
     
    I appreciate your referrals!

     




    Attachment(s)



  • 9.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 09:51 AM

    File a Motion for Reconsideration with a letter brief arguing Mahoney.

     

    Lynn E. Staufenberg

     






  • 10.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 02:29 PM
    Absent some kind of extreme extenuating circumstances justifying a support termination being effective only as of the date of the order or of filing a motion, it's been repeatedly and uniformly held that it would have to be retroactive to the emancipation event. There was a discussion about this here a couple of months ago (see below and http://community.njsba.com/familylawsection/viewdiscussions/viewthread?MessageKey=5880a16d-c4c6-422c-8d8f-8fceae92155b&CommunityKey=1cc4bd86-ad0b-47da-99bf-600051081518&tab=digestviewer&ssopc=1


    At 09:51 AM 11/10/2017, you wrote:
    File a Motion for Reconsideration with a letter brief arguing Mahoney. Lynn E. Staufenberg -posted to the "Family Law Section" community

    Agreed 100%. This is one of those times when a recon motion is a better idea than an immediate appeal. Odds are good that the court would grant reconsideration.

    Again - this assumes that, for instance, the custodial parent isn't poverty-stricken and repayment of the support wouldn't be a hardship, that there are no other kids on the order (see the new statute - an unallocated support order for more than on child remains in effect until a motion to modify it is filed) or any other reason to deviate. A trial court would get a lot of discretion on this, but there would have to be some basis for departing from the general rule that support termination on emancipation is retro to the emancipation event.


    David Perry Davis, Esq.
    ----------------------------------------------------
    www.FamilyLawNJ.pro
    ----------------------------------------------------
    * * Please note our new address * *
    57 Hamilton Avenue -- Suite 301
    Hopewell, NJ 08525
    Voice: 609-466-1222
    Fax: 609-466-1223

    At 08:24 PM 12/30/2016, you wrote:
    Back in September, there was a discussion as to whether N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a prohibits a retroactive modification of child support when the issue... -posted to the "Family Law Section" community

    Family Law



    Re: Bank Account Levy - Child Support paid for Deceased Child
    Dec 30, 2016 8:23 PM
    David Perry Davis, Esq
    Back in September, there was a discussion as to whether N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a prohibits a retroactive modification of child support when the issue is emancipation.

    I'd posted a two page App Div reversal from 2002, where the appellate division said the court can (if not "must") retroactively terminate CS and give a credit for post-emancipation child support ( dpdlaw.com/goldberg.pdf) . Someone had pointed out it was an old decision.

    The Appellate Division again affirmed today that "the statute does not embody or effectuate a legislative intent to bar termination of child support retroactively to the time a child became emancipated." Interestingly, it's also an extremely brief decision (meaning, I think, that this is an "of course" issue at this point) - www.dpdlaw.com/Doyle_RetroCS.pdf


    Please confirm that you received this email and referenced attachments (if any).

    - Dave

    David Perry Davis, Esq.
    ----------------------------------------------------
       www.FamilyLawNJ.pro
    ----------------------------------------------------
    112 West Franklin Avenue
    Pennington, NJ 08534
    Voice: 609-737-2222
    Fax:    609-737-3222


    SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
    APPELLATE DIVISION
    DOCKET NO. A-1037-15T3

    DANE DOYLE,
    <x-tab>        </x-tab>Plaintiff-Appellant,
    v.
    CYNTHIA DOYLE,
    <x-tab>        </x-tab>Defendant-Respondent.
    ______________________________________________________
    Submitted December 13, 2016 – Decided December 29, 2016
    Before Judges Fisher and Leone.
    On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Chancery Division, Family Part, Union County, Docket No. FM-20-139-00.
    Michael B. Blacker, attorney for appellant.
    Respondent has not filed a brief.
    PER CURIAM

    Plaintiff moved, on August 14, 2015, for an order both declaring the parties' twenty-two-year-old son emancipated and terminating plaintiff's child support obligation as of the son's graduation from college on April 24, 2015. In response to the motion, defendant agreed emancipation was appropriate but argued plaintiff was not entitled to retroactive relief. The judge held that retroactive modifications or terminations of child support obligations are not favored -- implicitly relying on N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a -- and entered an order that terminated the child support obligation only as of the date the motion was filed. Plaintiff appeals solely on the question of whether the judge erred in refusing to terminate the support obligation as of the emancipation date.

    We reverse. N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a prohibits retroactive modification of child support orders to a date earlier than the filing of the motion. But, as we held more than twenty years ago, the statute does not embody or effectuate a legislative intent to bar termination of child support retroactively to the time a child became emancipated. Mahoney v. Pennell, 285 N.J. Super. 636, 643 (App. Div. 1995).

    There being no dispute that the parties' son became emancipated upon his college graduation, we reverse and remand for entry of an order terminating child support as of April 24, 2015. We do not retain jurisdiction.

    www.dpdlaw.com/Doyle_RetroCS.pdf 
      Reply to Group Online   View Thread   Recommend   Forward   Jessica's right on this one.... zero question about it.

    Emancipation is an exception to the anti-retroactive modification statute. Not only does the ex not get the funds being held, she must repay any child support received after the child's emancipation.

    Mahoney v. Pennell, 285 N.J. Super. 638, 643 (App. Div. 1995)  - scholar.google.com/... :

    N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a was enacted to insure that ongoing support obligations that became due were paid. A change of circumstances, such as loss of a job, could, therefore, not be used as a basis to modify retroactively arrearages which already accrued under a child support order. Implicit, however, in the judicial obligation to enforce the terms of a child support order is the underlying premise that a duty to support exists. Where there is no longer a duty of support by virtue of a judicial declaration of emancipation, no child support can become due. See, Thorson v. Thorson, 241 N.J. Super. 10, 11, 574 A.2d 53 (Ch.Div. 1989) (child support arrears eliminated despite N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a because child support obligation terminated upon the emancipation of the child in accordance with the terms of the judgment of divorce). Thus, we cannot ascribe to this legislation, nor do we find any indication that the legislature so intended, to bar termination of child support retroactively to the time a child became emancipated.

    Cited many times by many cases -- scholar.google.com/...

    I once had a judge hold that the obligor was not entitled to be repaid for post-emancipation support that was paid. The App Div reversal was the shortest I've ever seen (2 pages) - www.dpdlaw.com/Goldberg.pdf .

    To answer the question as to what needs to be done to ensure the funds are held until the court rules.... I don't know. Depending on what the numbers are, I'd suggest proposing a consent order saying the obligor will waive his right to seek a refund of any other post-emancipation child support she received?



    David Perry Davis, Esq.
    ----------------------------------------------------
       www.FamilyLawNJ.pro
    ----------------------------------------------------
    112 West Franklin Avenue
    Pennington, NJ 08534
    Voice: 609-737-2222
    Fax:    609-737-3222

     
    You are subscribed to "Family Law" as [email protected]. To change your subscriptions, go to My Subscriptions. To unsubscribe from this community discussion, go to Unsubscribe.
     





  • 11.  RE: Retroactive reduction of Child Support to Date of Emancipation

    Posted 11-10-2017 05:09 PM
    That is really what I thought, I did do a reconsideration motion and a letter brief. There are no extenuating circumstances and in fact the payee did not even appear or contest the motion so there really cannot be any finding of extenuating circumstances other than the general presumption that child support is presumed to be spent on the child, but that would not justify extenuating circumstances.

    Thank you all for your responses and thoughts, was very helpful.

    Gerri Duswalt

    GERALDENE SHERR DUSWALT, ESQ.
    ATTORNEY AT LAW
    Admitted in New York and New Jersey

    1812 Front Street
    Scotch Plains, N.J. 07076

    576 Fifth Avenue, Suite 903
    New York, N.Y. 10036

    Telephone:    (908) 322-5160
    Fax:              (908) 654-3970
    E-mail:          [email protected]
                        [email protected]
    Web Site:      www.duswaltlawfirm.com

    General practice of law serving the legal needs of the community, family and matrimonial law, bankruptcy, real estate, wills and general litigation.

    This e-mail and any documents accompanying this e-mail may contain information from the law office of Geraldene Sherr Duswalt, Esq. that is intended to be for the use of the individual or entity named in this e-mail transaction and which may be confidential, privileged or attorney work product. If you are not the intended recipient be aware that any disclosure, copying, distribution, or use of the contents of this e-mail is strictly prohibited. If you receive this e-mail in error, please notify the sender at once.